¸Æ¾Æ´õ »ç·É°üÀÌ 1945³â 9¿ù 2ÀÏ ¹Ì ¹ÌÁÖ¸® ÇÔ ¼±»ó¿¡¼ ÀϺ»ÀÇ Ç׺¹¹®¼¿¡ ¼¸íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. [»çÁøÃâó - À§Å°Çǵð¾Æ] |
ÀϺ» Á¤ºÎ´Â 1945³â 8¿ù 6, 9ÀÏ µÎ ¹øÀÇ ¹Ì±º ¿øÆø ÅõÇÏ¿Í ¼Ò·ÃÀÇ ÂüÀüÀ¸·Î ±ÃÁö¿¡ ¸ô¸®ÀÚ 8¿ù 14ÀÏ ¹«Á¶°Ç Ç׺¹À» ¿ä±¸ÇÑ Æ÷Ã÷´ã ¼±¾ðÀ» ¼ö¶ôÇÏ°Ú´Ù°í ¹Ì±¹°ú ¿µ±¹¿¡ Å뺸Çß´Ù. 8¿ù 15ÀÏ ÀϺ» õ¿Õ È÷·ÎÈ÷Åä°¡ ¶óµð¿À ¹æ¼ÛÀ» ÅëÇØ ÀüÀïÀÌ ³¡³µÀ½À» ÀÚ±â³× ±¹¹Î¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·ÈÀ¸¸ç ÀϺ» Á¤ºÎ´Â 8¿ù 16ÀÏ ÀϺ»±º¿¡ ±³Àü ÁßÁö ¸í·ÉÀ» ³»·È´Ù. °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ÀϺ»ÀÇ Ç׺¹ Á¶ÀνÄÀº 1945³â 9¿ù 2ÀÏ µµÄì ¸¸¿¡ Á¤¹ÚÇÑ ÀüÇÔ ¹ÌÁÖ¸®È£ ¼±»ó¿¡¼ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ À屺°ú ÀϺ» ¿Ü»ó, ÀϺ»±º »ç·É°üÀÌ Ç׺¹¹®¼¿¡ ¼¸íÇÏ¸é¼ ÀÌ·ïÁ³´Ù.
¸Æ¾Æ´õ´Â ¹Ì±ºÀÌ ¼¿ï¿¡ ÁøÀÔÇؼ ÀϺ»±ºÀÇ Ç׺¹À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù´Â ±ÇÇÑÀ» À§ÀÓ¹ÞÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î °á·ÐÁþ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ³ª¾Æ°¡ ¹Ì±ºÀº ¼Ò·Ã±ºÀÌ ÀÌ¹Ì ¼¿ï¿¡ ÁøÀÔÇß´Ù Çصµ ±× ÀÓ¹«¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í Èñ¸ÁÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀº ÀÎõÀ¸·Î ÁøÀÔÇؼ ¼Ò·Ã±ºÀÌ ÀÌ¹Ì ±×°÷¿¡ ÁøÁÖÇØ ÀÖ´Ù Çصµ ±×µé°ú »çÀü Á¢ÃËÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¸í·ÉÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.ÁÖ1)
1945³â 8¿ù 29ÀÏ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ´Â ÀϺ» Á¤ºÎ¿¡ Àü¹®À» º¸³» ¹Ì±ºÀÇ Çѹݵµ »ó·úÀÌ 9¿ù 7ÀÏ ÀÌ·ïÁø´Ù°í Åë°íÇß´Ù.ÁÖ2) ±×´Â À̾î ÀϺ» Á¤ºÎ´Â Çѹݵµ ³²ºÎ¿¡ ÁÖµÐÇÏ´Â ÀϺ»±º »ç·É°ü¿¡°Ô 8¿ù 31ÀϱîÁö ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀ» Á¢ÃËÇؼ Ç׺¹°ú °ü·ÃÇÑ Áöħ»çÇ×ÀÌ ÇÏÁö À屺 ºÎ´ë¿¡ Àü´ÞµÇµµ·Ï Á¶Ä¡Ç϶ó°í ¸í·ÉÇß´Ù.
¸Æ¾Æ´õÀÇ Àü¹®Àº 9¿ù 1ÀÏ ¼¿ï¿¡ ÁÖµÐÁßÀÎ ÀϺ»±º »ç·É°ü¿¡°Ô Àü´ÞµÇ¾ú°í ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀº ±× ¶§ ¼Ò·Ã±ºÀÌ ¼¿ï¿¡ ÁøÁÖÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç½ÇÀ» È®ÀÎÇß´Ù. À̾î ÇÏÁö ÁßÀå ºÎ´ëÀÇ ¼±¹ß´ë°¡ 9¿ù 4ÀÏ Ç×°ø±â¸¦ Ÿ°í Çѹݵµ·Î ÇâÇß´Ù.
¹Ì Á¡·É±ºÀÌ ³²ÇÑ¿¡¼ ÀϺ»ÀÇ Ç׺¹À» ¹Þ¾Æ³½ Ç׺¹¹®¼ Á¶ÀνÄÀº 1945³â 9¿ù 9ÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ 4½Ã ¼¿ï Á¶¼±Ãѵ¶ºÎ Áß¾Ó È¸Àǽǿ¡¼ ¿·È´Ù. ¾Æº£ ³ëºÎÀ¯Å° Ãѵ¶Àº À̳¯ ¹Ì±º Á¦24±º´Ü Á¸ ÇÏÁö ÁßÀå·Á¦7ÇÔ´ë T.C. Ų ÄÉÀ̵å ÇرºÁ¦µ¶ µîÀÌ ÁöÄѺ¸´Â °¡¿îµ¥ Ç׺¹¹®¼¿¡ ¼¸íÇß´Ù. Á¶ÀÎ½Ä Á÷ÈÄ Á¶¼±Ãѵ¶ºÎ °Ç¹°¿¡ °É·ÁÀÖ´ø ÀÏÀå±â°¡ ³»·Á°¡°í ¹Ì Á¡·É±º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼ºÁ¶±â°¡ °Ô¾çµÆ´Ù.
´ç½Ã ¼¿ï ÁÖÀç ¼Ò·Ã ¿µ»ç´Â ¼Ò·Ã°ú ÀϺ»ÀÌ ÀüÀï »óÅ¿´Áö¸¸ Áý¹«¸¦ °è¼ÓÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¹Ì Á¡·É±º ¼±¹ß´ë´Â ¼Ò·Ã°ú »çÀü Á¢ÃËÀ» Ç϶ó´Â ¸Æ¾Æ´õÀÇ Áö½Ã¸¦ ¹«³È÷ ¼öÇàÇß´Ù. ÀϺ» Á¤ºÎÀÇ °ø½Ä Ç׺¹ÀÌ ¹Ì Á¡·É±ºÀÇ Çѹݵµ ÁøÀÔ °èȹÀÌ ¼öÇàµÇ±â ÀÌÀü¿¡ ÀÌ·ïÁ³Áö¸¸ ±× ¸Æ¾Æ´õÀÇ ÀÛÀü°èȹ¿¡ µû¶ó ÇÏÁö À屺 ºÎ´ë¿Í ¼ö¼Û Àåºñ ¿î¼Û µîÀÌ ´çÃÊ °èȹ ÀÏÁ¤º¸´Ù ¿Ï·áµÇ¾ú´Ù.
ÇÏÁö ÁßÀå, ¼¿ï¿¡¼ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ°¡ ÀϺ» Ç׺¹ Á÷ÈÄ ÃëÇß´ø Á¶Ä¡ ½ÃÇà
¹Ì±ºÀÇ ³²ÇÑ Á¡·ÉÀÌÈÄ ÇÏÁö ÁßÀå ºÎ´ë´Â ¸Æ¾Æ´õ°¡ ÀϺ» Ç׺¹ Á÷ÈÄ ÃëÇß´ø Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇß´Ù. Çѹݵµ°¡ ÀϺ»¿¡ °Á¡µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â ¿ª»çÀû »ç½Çº¸´Ù Çѹݵµ°¡ ÀϺÎÀÇ ½Ä¹ÎÁö¶ó´Â Á¡¿¡ Âø¾ÈÇØ ´ëÃ¥À̾ú´Ù. ´ç¿¬È÷ ¹Ì 24±º´Ü ÁöÈֺο¡´Â ±ºÁ¤À» ½Ç½ÃÇÒ ´É·ÂÀ» °®Ãá Àü¹®°¡³ª Çѹݵµ Àü¹®°¡°¡ Àü¹«Çß´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¹Ì±¹ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÅÂÆò¾çÀüÀïÀÌ ³¡³¯ ¶§±îÁö Çѹݵµ Àü¹®°¡³ª ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹«¸¦ ´ã´çÇÒ ºÎ´ë¸¦ ÈÆ·ÃÇϰųª ¹èÄ¡ÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø¾ú±â ¶§¹® À̾ú´Ù.ÁÖ3)
ÀÌ¿Í °ü·ÃÇØ ¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ Á÷¿øÀ¸·Î Çѹݵµ¿¡ ´ëÇØ °æÇèÀÌ Ç³ºÎÇß´ø Á¶Áö ÇÚ´õ½¼Àº Çѹݵµ Á¡·ÉÀÌÈÄ ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã»ÀÌ ½ÃÇàÇÒ ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾È³»¼¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷À» À¼±¿¡¼ ÁߴܽÃÄ×´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÅÂÆò¾çÀüÀï ±â°£ µ¿¾È ¹Ì±º Á¤º¸ºÎ¿¡¼ µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾Æ ¹®Á¦ Á¶»ç ºÐ¼®°üÀ¸·Î ±Ù¹«Çß´ø ·Î¹öÆ® Å°´Ï´Â ¾È³»¼ ÀÛ¼º ÀÛ¾÷À» ÁߴܽÃŲ °ÍÀº ·çÁƮ ´ëÅë·ÉÀ̶ó°í ÃßÁ¤Çß´Ù.
Å°´Ï ºÐ¼®°üÀº ±× ÀÌÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇØ ‘¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Çѹݵµ Á¡·É¿¡ ´ëºñÇÑ Áغñ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÒ °æ¿ì ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Çѹݵµ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¿å½ÉÀ» ³»´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ½ºÅ»¸°ÀÌ ÀǽÉÇؼ Çѹݵµ¸¦ »ó´ë·Î ¼±Á¦Àû ±º»çÇൿÀ» ÃëÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ì·ÁÇÑ °á°ú’¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù. ±×´Â ÀüÀïÀÌ ³¡³ µÚ ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Çѹݵµ¿¡¼ ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹«¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´ëºñÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ °ÇÏ°Ô ºñÆÇÇß´Ù.ÁÖ4)
±ºÁ¤ °èȹÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÒ ÇÙ½É Àå±³¸¦ À°¼ºÇϱâ À§Çؼ 10±º´Ü ´ë°ø‧Æ÷º´»ç·ÉºÎ°¡ ±ºÁ¤ »ç·ÉºÎ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾úÁö¸¸ ¾î¶² ¼Ò¼Ó Àå±³µµ ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Çѹݵµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö½ÄÀÌ °ÅÀÇ Àü¹«ÇÑ 10±º´Ü ¼Ò¼Ó ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹«Àå±³ 20¸íÀÌ ÈÄ¿¡ ÇÏÁö »ç·ÉºÎ·Î ÀüÃâµÇ¾ú´Ù.
¼¿ï Á¡·É ¹Ì±º, Á¶¼±ÀÎ ÀüÀïÆ÷·Î 6¸í Çѱ¹¾î Å뿪»ç·Î 24±º´Ü¿¡ ¹è¼Ó½ÃÄÑ
ÀϺΠ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹« Àå±³°¡ ÀϺ»¿¡¼ Çѹݵµ·Î ÀüÃâµÇ¾úÁö¸¸ ÇÏÁö ºÎ´ë°¡ ÀÎõÇ׿¡ »ó·úÇϱâ±îÁö Çѹݵµ¿¡ µµÂøÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. Çѹݵµ¿¡ ¹è¼Ó ¿¹Á¤ÀÎ ºÎ´ë¿¡¼ Çѹݵµ Ư¼º¿¡ ¸Â´Â ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±³À°Àº 1945³â 9¿ù±îÁö ½Ç½ÃµÈ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
±× °á°ú ¹Ì±ºÀÇ Çѹݵµ Á¡·É Ãʱâ¶ó´Â ÁßÂ÷´ëÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã» ¾÷¹«´Â ÈƷùÞÀº ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹« Àü¹® Àå±³°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀüÅõ ºÎ´ë ±ºÀε鿡 ÀÇÇØ ¼öÇàµÇ¾ú´Ù.ÁÖ5) ´õ¿í ½É°¢ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã»¿¡ Çѱ¹¾î¸¦ Àü°øÇÑ ¹Ì±ºÀº ÇÑ ¸íµµ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
1945³â 6¿ù ¿ÀŰŸ³ª¿Í ºÎ±Ù ¿ÀÄíÄí ¼¶¿¡¼ ¹Ì±º¿¡ ÀâÈù ÀϺ»±º ÀüÀïÆ÷·Îµé. ¹Ì±¹Àº ÀϺ»±º¿¡ ²ø·Á°¬´ø Á¶¼±ÀÎ ÀϺθ¦ Çѹݵµ Á¡·É ¹Ì±º¿¡ Çѱ¹¾î Å뿪»ç·Î ¹è¼Ó½ÃÄ×´Ù. [»çÁøÃâó - À§Å°¹Ìµð¾î] |
´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Á¶¼±ÀεéÀº ¿À·£ ½Ä¹ÎÁö »ýÈ° Å¿¿¡ ÀϺ»¾î¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëµÇ¾úÁö¸¸ Á¶¼±ÀεéÀº ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã»ÀÌ ÀڽŵéÀÇ °íÀ¯ ¾ð¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇß´Ù¸é ´õ ÁÁ¾ÆÇßÀ» °ÍÀÌ ºÐ¸íÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ÀÅ°³ª¿Í¿¡ ÁÖµÐÇß´ø ¹Ì±º °¡¿îµ¥ Çѱ¹¾î Å뿪À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¹Ì±ºÀº ¼¶ Àüü¸¦ µÚÁ® Çѱ¹¾î¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹Ì±ºÀ» ã´Ù°¡ °á±¹ Á¶¼±ÀÎ ÀüÀïÆ÷·Î 6¸íÀ» °¡¼®¹æÇؼ 24±º´Ü¿¡ ¹è¼Ó½ÃÄ×´Ù.ÁÖ6)
´õ¿í ½É°¢ÇÑ °ÍÀº Çѹݵµ Á¡·É ¹Ì±ºÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÒ Á¤Ã¥ ÁöħÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀº Çѹݵµ µ¶¸³À̳ª Çѹݵµ¸¦ ÀϺ» Á¡°Å¿¡¼ ºÐ¸®½ÃÅ°´Â ÀÛ¾÷, Çѹݵµ ±¹³» Á¤Ä¡¿Í °°Àº ÇÙ½É »ç¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöħÀ» ÀüÇô ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. ¸¶´Ò¶ó¿¡ ÁֵРÁßÀÎ ¸Æ¾Æ´õµµ ´õ ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
ÇÏÁö´Â 8¿ù 22ÀÏ ÇÕµ¿Âü¸ðº»ºÎ¿¡ 24±º´ÜÀÇ Çѹݵµ Á¡·É Áöħ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ º¸³»´Þ¶ó°í ±ä±Þ ¿äûÇß´Ù. ¹Ì ±¹¹«·À°±º·Çرº »ïºÎÁ¶Á¤À§¿øȸ(SWNCC)´Â ´ä½ÅÀ» ÁغñÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ÇÕµ¿Âü¸ðº»ºÎ¿¡ ‘¹Ì Á¤ºÎ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ Çѹݵµ ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹« Ư¼º°ú °ü·ÃÇØ ÇÕÀÇµÈ ¹æħÀÌ ¾ø´Ù’°í ¹àÇû´Ù.ÁÖ7) ³ªÈê µÚ ¸¶´Ò¶óÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ ÃÑ¿µ»ç°üÀº ¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ¿¡ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ À屺Àº Çѹݵµ¿Í °ü·ÃÇØ ¾î¶² ¸í·Éµµ ¾ÆÁ÷ ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇß´Ù°í º¸°íÇß´Ù.
¹Ì Á¤ºÎ, Çѹݵµ Á¡·É ¹Ì±ºÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹« Á¤Ã¥ Áöħ Àü¹«
8¿ù 18ÀÏ ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀº ¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ¿¡ Çѹݵµ Á¡·É¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤Ä¡Àû ÁöħÀ» ¼³¸íÇÒ Ã¥ÀÓÀÚ¸¦ º¸³»´Þ¶ó°í ¿äûÇß´Ù. ±×¿¡ µû¶ó ¸Ó·¼ º£´×È£ÇÁÁÖ8)°¡ ÆİߵǾî 9¿ù 3ÀÏ 24±º´ÜÀÌ Çѹݵµ·Î Ãâ¹ßÇϱâ Àü ¿ÀÅ°³ª¿Í¿¡ µµÂøÇß´Ù.
º£´×È£ÇÁ°¡ Àü´ÞÇÑ ÁöħÀº ºÒÃæºÐÇؼ ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀÇ Çѹݵµ Á¡·É¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ì±¹ Á¤Ã¥ Æľǿ¡ º° µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀÌ Çѹݵµ¸¦ Á¡·ÉÇÑ ÀÏÁÖÀÏ µÚ º£´×È£ÇÁ´Â ¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ¿¡ Àü¹®À» º¸³» ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã» º»ºÎ°¡ ´ç¸éÇÑ °¡Àå ½É°¢ÇÑ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ Çϳª´Â Á¤Ä¡Àû ÁöħÀÌ Àü¹«ÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó°í º¸°íÇß´Ù.
½ÇÁ¦ ¹Ì Á¤ºÎ´Â 24±º´Ü ¼±¹ß´ë°¡ ¼¿ï¿¡ µµÂøÇÑ µÚ ÇÑ ´ÞÀÌ ´õ Áö³ 1945³â 10¿ù 17ÀϱîÁö ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã»ÀÇ Çѹݵµ Á¡·É°ú °ü·ÃÇÑ ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤ ¾÷¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ãʺ¸Àû Áöħµµ º¸³»Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.ÁÖ9)
°á±¹ Çѹݵµ ¹Ì Á¡·É±ºÀÌ ´ç¸éÇÑ ¹®Á¦´Â ±×µéÀÌ Á¡·ÉÇÒ Çѹݵµ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾î¶² Á¤º¸µµ È®º¸ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ »óÅ¿´´Ù´Â Á¡À̾ú´Ù. Çѹݵµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸î °¡Áö Á¤º¸´Â 1945³â 4¿ù ¹ß°£µÈ ¹ÌÀ°‧Çرº ÇÕµ¿Á¤º¸ °ËÅ亸°í¼ »ÓÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÚ·á´Â ÀϺΠÀ¯¿ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸ ÇÇ»óÀûÀÎ °Í¿¡ ±×ÃÆ´Ù.
´ÜÁö ¿ÀÅ°³ª¿Í¿¡¼ ºÙÀâÈù Á¶¼±ÀÎ ÀüÀïÆ÷·Î¸¦ ½É¹®ÇßÀ» ¶§ ÀϺΠÁ¤º¸°¡ Ãß°¡µÇ¾úÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù. Çѹݵµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »óȲÀÌ ºÒÈ®½ÇÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¸Æ¾Æ´õ´Â ¹Ì±º Á¡·É ÀÌÀü¿¡ »ç°í°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ì·ÁÇØ Çѹݵµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °øÁß Á¤ÂûÀ» ±ÝÇß´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ´ç½Ã ÃÔ¿µÇÑ Çѹݵµ °øÁß»çÁøÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥ ÀÌ´Â 24±º´Ü ÁöÈÖ°üÀÌ ¿ÀÅ°³ª¿Í¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹Ì À°±ºÇ×°ø´ë ¼Ò¼Ó Á¤ÂûºñÇàºÎ´ë¸¦ ¼³µæÇØ ¸î Â÷·Ê Ç×°øÃÔ¿µÀ» À§ÇØ Ãâ°ÝÇß´ø °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹àÇôÁ³´Ù. ±× °á°ú ÀÌµé »çÁøÀº ÀüÅõ ÀÛÀü¿¡´Â ºÎÀûÇÕÇßÁö¸¸ Á¡·É±ºÀÇ ¹èÄ¡ °èȹ¿¡ À¯¿ëÇß´Ù.
Çѹݵµ Á¡·É±ºÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÈ 24±º´ÜÀÌ ÃâÇ×Áغñ¸¦ ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ÅÂdzÀÌ °è¼Ó ºÒ¾î Ãâ¹ßÀÌ ´Ê¾îÁö´Ù°¡ 9¿ù 5ÀÏ 24±º´Ü ¼±¹ß´ë°¡ Ãâ¹ßÇØ 9¿ù 8ÀÏ ÀÎõ¿¡ µµÂøÇß´Ù.ÁÖ10) ºÏÀ§ 38µµ¸¦ °æ°è·Î ¹Ì±º Á¡·É±ºÀÌ ÁøÁÖ¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ Çѹݵµ´Â °·ÂÇÏ°í ¾ï´¸° ¹ÎÁ·ÁÖÀÇÀû °¨Á¤°ú ½É°¢ÇÑ »çȸÀû, Á¤Ä¡Àû ºÐ¿À» °Þ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¹Ì±¹ÀÌ Çѹݵµ¸¦ ÀϺ»ÀÇ ±×´Ã¿¡ °¡·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Â »óÅ·Πº¸°Å³ª À¯·´¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ´õ Å« »óÅ¿´Áö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦ Çѹݵµ¿¡¼ ¹Ì±¹°ú ¼Ò·ÃÀÇ ÀÌÇØ°ü°è°¡ ±³Â÷ÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Çѹݵµ¿¡ Áø±ºÇÑ ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀº ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¿¹¹ÎÇÏ°í º¹ÇÕÀûÀÌ¸ç ³¸¼± ºÐÀ§±â¸¦ °æÇèÇØ¾ß Çß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×µéÀº ÇÏ·çÇϷ縦 ²Ù·Á³ª°¬Áö¸¸ ¸¹Àº ¿À·ù¸¦ ÀúÁú·¶´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ÀϺδ ±³¸¸¿¡¼ ºñ·ÔµÇ¾úÁö¸¸ ´ëºÎºÐ ¹«Áö³ª ÀڽŵéÀÇ Ã¥¹«¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àü¸ÁÀ̳ª ÁغñºÎÁ·ÀÇ °á°ú¿´´Ù.
¼¿ï ÁֵРÀϺ»±º »ç·É°ü, ¹Ì±º¿¡°Ô Çѹݵµ °ø»ê鵃 À§Çè ³ô´Ù°í º¸°í
ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀÌ ÀÎõ¿¡ µµÂøÇÑ 9¿ù 8ÀÏ ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¼¿ï¿¡ ÁÖµÐÇØ ÀÖ´ø ÀϺ»±º »ç·É°ü °í¾²Å° ¿ä½Ã¿À´Â ÀϺ»¿¡ µµÂøÇÑ ¹Ì±º°ú Á¢ÃËÇØ Çѹݵµ°¡ °ø»ê鵃 À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Á¶¼±ÀεéÀÌ ÈïºÐÇØ µ¿¿äÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í º¸°íÇß´Ù.
ÇÏÁö ÁßÀåÀÇ Ã¹ ¹ø° °úÁ¦´Â ¸Æ¾Æ´õ »ç·ÉºÎ°¡ Á¦½ÃÇÑ Æ÷°í·ÉÀ» ¼±Æ÷ÇØ ÁýÇàÇÏ¸é¼ ÀϺ»±ºÀÇ ¹«ÀåÇØÁ¦¿Í º»±¹ ¼ÛȯÀ̾ú´Ù. ±× °á°ú 1945³â ¸» ÀϺ»ÀÎ 40 ¸¸ ¸íÀÌ ¼ÛȯµÇ°í Àü¹® Àη 1õ ¸í¸¸ ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã»¿¡ ³²¾Ò´Ù.ÁÖ11)
ÇÏÁö´Â ¹Ì Á¤ºÎ·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀιÎÀ§¿øȸµî Á¶¼±ÀÎÀÇ ¾î¶² ÀÚÄ¡±â±¸µµ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó´Â Áö½Ã¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀϺ»ÀÎ °ü¸®¿Í ÀÏÁ¦¿¡ ÇùÁ¶ÇØ °øÁ÷¿¡ ÀÖ´ø Á¶¼±ÀεéÀ» ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã»ÀÌ °í¿ëÇ϶ó´Â Áö½Ã¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ ½ÇÇàÇß°í ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ ³²ÇÑ¿¡¼ ºñÆÇ°ú ¿ø¼ºÀÌ ³ô¾Ò´Ù. ÇÏÁö º»ÀÎÀº ÇѶ§ Á¶¼±ÀÎÀ» ÀϺ»Àΰú °°Àº °í¾çÀÌ Á¾ÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ°í ÀÌ·± ÀÌÀ¯·Î Á¶¼±Àΰú Ä£±ÙÇÏ°Ô Áö³»Áö ¸øÇß´Ù.ÁÖ12)
ÇÏÁö°¡ ÀçÀÓÇÏ´Â ±â°£ µ¿¾È ¹Ì±¹Àº À¯¿£À» ÅëÇØ ³²ÇÑ ´Üµ¶Á¤ºÎ ¼ö¸³À» ÃßÁøÇß°í ±× °úÁ¤¿¡¼ Á¦ÁÖ 4.3ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇØ ÁֹΠ3¸¸¿© ¸íÀÌ »ìÇصǾú´Ù. ±×´Â 1948³â 8¿ù 27ÀÏ ÀÌÀÓÇß°í °°Àº ÇØ ¼Ò·Ã Áַ±ºµµ ºÏÇÑ¿¡¼ ö¼öÇß´Ù.
¹Ì±ºÀÇ Á¡·ÉÀÌ Çظ¦ ³Ñ±â¸é¼ ¹Ì±¹Àº Çѹݵµ ½ÅŹÅëÄ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¹Á¦Àû ÇÕÀǸ¦ µµÃâÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ Á¡°ú ¹Î°£ÇàÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áغñ ºÎÁ·, ºÎÀûÀýÇÑ ¹Ì±º Á¡·É±º »ç·É°ü ¼±Ãâ µîÀÇ °ú¿À·Î ÀÎÇÑ ½É°¢ÇÑ ´ë°¡¸¦ Ä¡·¯¾ß Çß´Ù. 1945³â 9¿ù ¹Ì±ºÀÇ Çѹݵµ Á¡·ÉÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵ǾúÁö¸¸ ±×°ÍÀº Çѱ¹ ÀüÀïÀ¸·Î °¡´Â °úÁ¤ÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÀ̾ú´Ù.ÁÖ13)
ÁÖ)
1) Message, CINCAFPAC to JCS (CM-IN-21116), 22 August 1945; Draft Message, JCS to CINCAFPAC, SWNCC Memorandum, Enclosure A to JCS 1483, "International Agreements as to Occupation of Korea," 24 August 1945; JCS Note by the Secretaries advising that JCS 1483 was approved and the message dispatched on 1 September 1945, all in Combined Civil Affairs Committee (CCAC) folder 014 Korea (8-28-45)* Sec. 1, RG 218, Box 146, NA.
2) History of USAFIK, pp. 60-61.
3) The initial correspondence on initiating civil affairs preparations for Korea, and the early studies are reprinted in FRUS, 1944, V, 1190, 1225-29, and 1239-41. Henderson's comment is in Gregory Henderson, Korea: The Politics of the Vortex (Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1968), p. 415. Kinney's speculations were related to me in a series of informal conversations in 1975 and 1976. Dr. Michael E. Macmillan of the East-West Center in Honolulu, Hawaii brought to my attention documentation on Kinney's postwar views.
4) https://press.armywarcollege.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1734&context=parameters
5) History of USAFIK, p. 27; E. Grant Meade, American Military Government in Korea (New York: King's Crown Press, 1951), pp. 47-51; Wilson Owen Henderson, "To the Kwangju Station," Southwest Review, 35 (No. 4), 233; Donald S. MacDonald, "Field Experience in Military Government: Cholla Namdo Province, 1945-1946," in Carl J. Friedrich and Associates, American Experience in Military Government in World War II (New York: Rinehart and Company, 1948), p. 366; Duncan Sinclair, "The Occupation of Korea--Initial Phases, Military Review, 27 (July 1947), 34-35.
6) History of USAFIK, ch. 4, 35.
7) CINCAFPAC Message CX 35718, 22 August 1945 in folder CCS 386.2 Japan (4-9-45) Sec. 4, RG 218, Box 136, NA; "Draft Memorandum to the Joint Chiefs of Staff," enclosure to SWNCC 176, "International Agreements as to the Occupation of Korea," 22 August 1945 in ABC 014 Japan (13 April 44) Sec. 17A, RG 165, Entry 421, Box 31, NA.
8) ¸Ó·¼ º£´×È£ÇÁ´Â ¹Ì ±ºÁ¤Ã» ÁÖÇÑ Á¤Ä¡°í¹®À» Áö³Â´Ù.
9) Telegram, "The Consul General at Manila (Steintorf) to the Secretary of State," 26 August 1945 in FRUS, 1945, VI, 1041; History of USAFIK, p. 64; letter, "The Political Advisor in Korea (Benninghoff) to the Secretary of State," 15 September 1945, in FRUS, 1945, VI, 1052; JCS Message CM-OUT-55336 "JCS to CINCAFPAC, Manila," 25 August 1945, in folder OPD 014.1 TS Sec. IV, Case 75, "Assignment of Liaison Personnel," RG 165, Entry 419, Box 108, NA; "Basic Initial Directive to the Commander in Chief, U.S. Army Forces, Pacific, for the Administration of Civil Affairs in those areas of Korea Occupied by U.S. Forces," transmitted 17 October 1945, in FRUS, 1945, VI, 1074-93.
10) History of USAFIK, pp. 21-22, ch. 4, 35; Taylor, "Administration and Operation of Military Government," p. 357.
11) https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/issues/2013/02/363_103138.html
12) https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/issues/2013/02/363_103138.html
13) https://press.armywarcollege.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1734&context=parameters
°ü¸®ÀÚ freemediaf@gmail.com
<ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÚ © ÀÚÀ¯¾ð·Ð½ÇõÀç´Ü, ¹«´Ü ÀüÀç ¹× Àç¹èÆ÷ ±ÝÁö>